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	<title>BurningBillboard.org &#187; refugee</title>
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	<link>http://burningbillboard.org</link>
	<description>A mobile journal of video, audio and written ruminations</description>
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	<category>mobile journalism</category>
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		<title>BurningBillboard.org &#187; refugee</title>
		<link>http://burningbillboard.org</link>
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	<itunes:new-feed-url>http://burningbillboard.org/?feed=podcast</itunes:new-feed-url>
	<itunes:subtitle>a non-mercantile and mobile journal of video, audio and written reportage</itunes:subtitle>
	<itunes:summary>a non-mercantile and mobile journal of video, audio and written reportage</itunes:summary>
	<itunes:keywords>Sudan, travel, media, documentary, refugee</itunes:keywords>
	<itunes:category text="News &#38; Politics" />
	<itunes:category text="Society &#38; Culture">
		<itunes:category text="Places &#38; Travel" />
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	<itunes:author>BurningBillboard.org</itunes:author>
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		<itunes:name>BurningBillboard.org</itunes:name>
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		<item>
		<title>Burning Question #1 &#8230;Answered (re: Southern Sudan Refugee, IDP)</title>
		<link>http://burningbillboard.org/2009/08/burning-question-1-answered-re-southern-sudan-refugee-idp/</link>
		<comments>http://burningbillboard.org/2009/08/burning-question-1-answered-re-southern-sudan-refugee-idp/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 14 Aug 2009 14:12:41 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>widge</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Sudan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[series]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[civil war]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[refugee]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Southern Sudan]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://burningbillboard.org/?p=1304</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[[Montréal, Québec, Canada 23°C] Asked on June 22, 2009 by Anonymous from Montréal, Québec, Canada. Donation: $100 [Thanks!] _____ QUESTION: I read in one of your blog entries that Sudan’s civil war between the Sudanese government and the southern Sudan People’s Liberation Army created 4 million refugees and one million Internally Displaced People. What is [...]]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>1</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Africa, Canadian Mining Interests, Human Cargo and Re-education</title>
		<link>http://burningbillboard.org/2009/08/africa-canadian-mining-interests-human-cargo-and-re-education/</link>
		<comments>http://burningbillboard.org/2009/08/africa-canadian-mining-interests-human-cargo-and-re-education/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 07 Aug 2009 18:40:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>widge</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[opinion]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[reviews]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[widge's videos]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Africa]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Canada]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[education]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[film]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[mining]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[refugee]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[SLAPP]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://burningbillboard.org/?p=1457</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[[Montréal, Québec, Canada  18°C] Last night, I watched the five last episodes of the 2004 six-part television series, Human Cargo, directed by Brad Turner. I watched it on DVD borrowed from the well-stocked video library at La Grande Bibliothèque. The winner of seven Gemini Awards, including best director and best miniseries, the series follows parallel [...]]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>2</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Two Million Southern Sudanese Returned Home Since 2005</title>
		<link>http://burningbillboard.org/2009/06/two-million-southern-sudanese-returned-home-since-2005/</link>
		<comments>http://burningbillboard.org/2009/06/two-million-southern-sudanese-returned-home-since-2005/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 16 Jun 2009 20:13:32 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>widge</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Sudan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[opinion]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Canada]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Darfur]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Media]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[peace]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[refugee]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Southern Sudan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[United Nations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[war]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://burningbillboard.org/?p=1055</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[[Montréal, Québec, Canada 23°C — même article en français] On June 15, Le Devoir included an Agence France-Presse article: &#8220;Sudan: Rebels Attack a Humanitarian Convoy&#8220;. The article wrote that Jikany Nuer tribesmen attacked a United Nations World Food Program convoy of 31 barges as it was transporting 700 tons of food aid. The humanitarian aid [...]]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Seven-Weeks in Southern Sudan Beckons a Return Visit</title>
		<link>http://burningbillboard.org/2009/05/seven-weeks-in-southern-sudan-beckon-a-return-visit/</link>
		<comments>http://burningbillboard.org/2009/05/seven-weeks-in-southern-sudan-beckon-a-return-visit/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 25 May 2009 15:36:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>widge</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Montréal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sudan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[opinion]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[travel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[elections]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[peace]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[refugee]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Southern Sudan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[war]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://burningbillboard.org/?p=962</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[[Montréal, Québec, Canada  13°C] It has been just over three weeks since I returned to Montréal from ten weeks in East Africa, most of which were spent in Southern Sudan. I&#8217;ve been back long enough to discard the lag that fogs the spirit after flying between continents. Sufficient time has passed to deplete the novelty [...]]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>2</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>ICC Arrest Warrant Repurcussions on Southern Sudan</title>
		<link>http://burningbillboard.org/2009/03/icc-arrest-warrant-repurcussions-on-southern-sudan/</link>
		<comments>http://burningbillboard.org/2009/03/icc-arrest-warrant-repurcussions-on-southern-sudan/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 26 Mar 2009 00:00:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>widge</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Sudan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[audio]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[maps]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[podcasts]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[travel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Africa]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Darfur]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[flood]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ICC]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[refugee]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Southern Sudan]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://burningbillboard.org/?p=864</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Exactly three weeks ago, the International Criminal Court issued an arrest warrant for the President of Sudan, Omar Hassan Al-Bashir, for crimes against humanity and war crimes committed in Darfur. Like many people in Sudan, I was glued to the television set to view the announcement. It was 4 p.m.]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://burningbillboard.org/2009/03/icc-arrest-warrant-repurcussions-on-southern-sudan/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
			<enclosure url="http://burningbillboard.org/podpress_trac/feed/864/0/amandla_25_03_2009.mp3" length="5462796" type="audio/mpeg" />
		<itunes:duration>5:41</itunes:duration>
		<itunes:subtitle>[Warrap Town, Southern Sudan 45°C] Below is a podcast that was aired on Wednesday, March 25 on Amandla, a weekly Africa news and issues radio ...</itunes:subtitle>
		<itunes:summary>[Warrap Town, Southern Sudan 45°C] Below is a podcast that was aired on Wednesday, March 25 on Amandla, a weekly Africa news and issues radio show on Montréal's CKUT 90.3 FM.



Here is the transcript of the audio report with a few added photos:

Exactly three weeks ago, the International Criminal Court issued an arrest warrant for the President of Sudan, Omar Hassan Al-Bashir, for crimes against humanity and war crimes committed in Darfur. Like many people in Sudan, I was glued to the television set to view the announcement. It was 4 p.m.

An anonymous blogger who worked for an international aid agency in Darfur wrote on AlertNet, that one hour after the announcement was made, his agency received a phone call. “The Government had revoked our licence and we must close all our programmes. No further explanation. First thing the next day we were told all international staff had to leave Darfur by 4 p.m.” They had to be out of the area exactly 24 hours after the ICC announcement.

According the the UN's Organization for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, 13 International Agencies were expelled:
- Action contre la faim
- Solidarité
- Save the Children (UK &#38;#38; US)
- Medecins Sans Frontières (NL &#38;#38; FR)
- CARE International
- Oxfam (GB)
- Mercy Corps
- International Rescue Committee
- Norwegian Refugee Council
- CHF International
- PADCO
- And three Sudanese relief agencies were also closed.

The International Herald Tribune reported on March 21, that armed men looted Oxfam's Darfur Warehouse, “stealing all of its contents.” While in Malual Kon, Northern Bahr el-Ghazal State where Mercy Corps has a compound, I learned that all of their equipment from their Darfur and Khartoum operations were seized since their expulsion: computers, communication radios, everything. Since their communication system was centred in Khartoum, they have had to reorganize their communication strategy for their activities in Southern Sudan.

Internews—which is an International NGO affiliated with Mercy Corps—coordinates Nhomlaau FM in Malual Kon. It has three other community radio stations in Southern Sudan. One of these is located in  Kurmuk, Blue Nile State, which is within the North/South transitional area. The radio station there was nearly closed along with Mercy Corps, but they managed to continue broadcasting by arguing their independence of the US-based NGO.

I've been travelling throughout Southern Sudan for the past four weeks and was recently in Northern Bahr el-Ghazal state, which shares its northern border with Southern Darfur. According to the IRIN News Network, Northern Bahr el-Ghazal is expecting an influx of Internally Displaced People (or IDPs) from Southern Darfur as conditions are expected to deteriorate as a result of the expulsion of the 16 NGOs. Although the report suggests that the UN and the Southern Sudan Relief and Rehabilitation Commission are “are preparing for potential inflows of Darfuris,”  their arrival will certainly put a strain on the area's already scarce infrastructure.

[caption id="attachment_868" align="aligncenter" width="350" caption="IDPs returning to Northern Bahr el_Ghazal in 2007 (courtesy IOM)"][/caption]
Since 2007, there has been a coordinated transport of hundreds of thousands of IDP returnees to Northern Bahr el-Ghazal from Southern Darfur and Khartoum. These people are returning to their homeland after being displaced during Sudan's other civil war that ended with the signing of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement in 2005. Many are returning to rural locations without access to sanitation, safe drinking water, clinics or schools.

According to the International Organization for Migration (or IOM), many villages in the area have had a rate of IDP Returnees as high as 80-90% of their pre-2007 population. 2007 is the year when organized returns of Internally displaced people began in earnest with the help of IOM and the government of...</itunes:summary>
		<itunes:keywords>Sudan, audio, maps, podcasts, travel</itunes:keywords>
		<itunes:author>BurningBillboard.org</itunes:author>
		<itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
		<itunes:block>no</itunes:block>
	</item>
		<item>
		<title>A Visit to War Faj Village in Northern Bahr el-Ghazal</title>
		<link>http://burningbillboard.org/2009/03/a-visit-to-war-faj-village-in-northern-bahr-el-ghazal/</link>
		<comments>http://burningbillboard.org/2009/03/a-visit-to-war-faj-village-in-northern-bahr-el-ghazal/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 14 Mar 2009 00:05:32 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>widge</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Sudan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[travel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[refugee]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Southern Sudan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[water]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://burningbillboard.org/?p=801</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[[Malual Kon, Bahr el-Ghazal, Southern Sudan 42°C] This morning, like every morning, I wake up with the sounds of roosters clucking, children playing, and neighbours beyond the compound fence discussing the beginning of their day. I make my way from inside my canvas tent on the Save the Children (UK) compound, and walk the narrow [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://burningbillboard.org/2009/03/a-visit-to-war-faj-village-in-northern-bahr-el-ghazal/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>2</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Schooling Sudanese Refugees in Nairobi at Sud Academy</title>
		<link>http://burningbillboard.org/2009/02/schooling-sudanese-refugees-in-nairobi-at-sud-academy/</link>
		<comments>http://burningbillboard.org/2009/02/schooling-sudanese-refugees-in-nairobi-at-sud-academy/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 28 Feb 2009 03:35:06 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>widge</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Sudan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[photography]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[travel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[education]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Kenya]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nairobi]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[refugee]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Southern Sudan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sud Academy]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://burningbillboard.org/?p=647</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[[Nairobi, Kenya 27°C] Below is a selection of photos taken at Sud Academy, a primary/secondary school for Sudanese refugees in a poor neighbourhood of Nairobi, Kenya. The school has a student population of more than 200 students, some of whom were abducted during the civil war by northern militia and enslaved by them to tend the cattle stolen in the raid. Lino Madut Angok is ne of the abductees who was freed, as indicated in his letter (below) by an organization called Redemption(?). Although I recognize the benefit Lino has received by being freed from bondage, there is much debate (here, here and here) about the practice of redemption (buying the slave's freedom) and its ability to end slavery in Sudan.]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://burningbillboard.org/2009/02/schooling-sudanese-refugees-in-nairobi-at-sud-academy/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>6</slash:comments>
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